Alias ​​sloupce nebyl rozpoznán v příkazu WHERE

Použijte HAVING

HAVING
  LatestBookableTimestamp < UNIX_TIMESTAMP()

Na okraj, používáte závislý poddotaz, což je z hlediska výkonu špatný nápad.

Zkuste to takto:

SELECT 
  a.ID,
  a.DistanceFromUtrecht,
  pp.LatestBookableTimestamp
FROM
  Accommodation AS a
INNER JOIN (
  SELECT
    FK_Accommodation,
    MAX(DateUntil) - (ReleaseDays * 60 * 60 * 24) AS LatestBookableTimestamp
  FROM 
    PricePeriod 
  GROUP BY 
    FK_Accommodation
) AS pp    
ON pp.FK_Accommodation = a.ID    
WHERE
  pp.LatestBookableTimestamp < UNIX_TIMESTAMP()