Snadný způsob, jak toho dosáhnout, je anonymní blok PL/SQL a použití ROWTYPE :
-- setup test table
create table my_table(pk, value) as
select 17 pk, 'abc' value from dual;
declare
l_data my_table%rowtype;
begin
-- fetch the row we want to copy
select * into l_data from my_table tbl where tbl.pk = 17;
-- update all fields that need to change
l_data.pk := 18;
-- note the lack of parens around l_data in the next line
insert into my_table values l_data;
end;